Miss Meral Ciril, 17, student Mr. Ronald William Delaney, 47, married, three children, merchant Mr. Ahmed Simsek, 19, student Mr. Mustafa Serafettin Ozturk, 41, married, three children, office worker Miss Franoise Bernard, 2l, student [2] The loss of the rear left cargo door caused a huge pressurization difference with the cabin right above it. Turkish Airlines Boeing 777 Landing in Hong Kong Airport. The cargo hatch, however, is not. Baggage handler Mohammed Mahmoudi was assigned to deal with the rear cargo door, but after waiting for some time, he was told that no bags would be placed there and that he should close the door. Turkish Airlines Flight 981, which left Istanbul at just before 8am has arrived at its intermediate stop before its final destination of London Heathrow. Mr. John Steven Backhouse, 43, married, three children, insurance agent The passenger doors on the DC-10 are plug doors, designed to prevent their opening while the aircraft is pressurised. However, the number 2 engine in the tail had failed. Angle Lie Flat. But these were the medium range model of the DC-10, which was rather unpopular, and finding a buyer was easier said than done. via Jakarta 11h 50. Mr. Yasushi Kohama, 23, bank management trainee This is the story of that sordid saga, that years-long dance of critically flawed business decisions, conflicting motivations, and failures of governance that led directly to one of the deadliest plane crashes of all time. Turkish Airlines Flight 981; CG render of TC-JAV moments after failure of the cargo hatch. Mr. Peter William Woolvett, 25, fashion designer Mr. Mario Jorge de Souza Castanon, 26, architect and once more started to push the throttles forward, to level off. The aircraft, a DC-10 Series 10 (production designation Ship 29), was built in Long Beach, California, under the manufacturer's test registration N1337U,[1] and leased to Turkish Airlines as TC-JAV on 10 December 1972. Mr. Graham Milton Wood, 37, married, three children, insurance broker and his wife Margaret Rosemary, 33 Lannier assumed it was a small plane from the local gliding club, and he told his assistant to dispatch some squad cars to the scene. To prevent this, the DC-10 used a latching system incorporating "over-center latches" four C-shaped latches mounted on a common torque shaft that were rotated over latching pins ("spools") fixed to the aircraft fuselage. Mr. Bobuo Iwanaga, 23, bank management trainee Mr, Michael Frederick Townshend, 43, bank manager Mr. Hiroshi Shiraki, 23, trading company management trainee In service, however, the electric actuators turned out to be a major annoyance, because they suffered frequent voltage drops that prevented them from driving the latches fully closed. The plane yawed sharply left, the nose dropped, and all three engines rolled back to idle. Mr. Sidney Waterhouse, 48, married, four children, textile representative 167 passengers flew on the Istanbul to Paris leg, and 50 of them disembarked in Paris. Dan Applegate was Director of Product Engineering at Convair at the time. An outward-opening cargo hatch is inherently less resistant to blowing open than an inward-opening one, also called a plug door. Mr. Kenichiro Sakurai, 26, student In the final sixteen seconds, no one said a word. The flight was over Coulommiers, France at the time. Miss Prudence Hedley Pratt, 30, fashion model The cabin blew out! First Officer Ulusman exclaimed. The latches were redesigned to prevent them from moving into the wrong positions in the first place. Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. If the latches were not properly closed, the pins would strike the torque tube flanges and the handle would remain open, visually indicating a problem. Mr. James Conway, 58, married, one child, trade union officer As it turned out, when the hold depressurized, the passenger cabin above it did not. As the National Transportation Safety Board began its investigation, their first priority was to examine the cargo door to understand why it had come open. via Tirana 3h 50. As the plane's speed increased, the additional lift started to raise the nose again. Flight 981's captain was Nejat Berkz, age 44, with 7,000 flying hours. In this mis-rigged position, the lock tube didnt move far enough to consistently extinguish the door warning light in the cockpit, so someone had welded several shims onto the end of the lock tube to improve its contact with the switch. Prs de la plaque commmorative se trouvent des plaques individuelles ainsi que les tombes de quelques unes des victimes, le cimetire parisien de Thiais. But American Airlines had requested an electric actuator because it was lighter and easier to maintain, so McDonnell Douglas acquiesced. We prepare articles, quizes and media items related with aviation field by detailed search and hard work. Mr. Mehmet Engin 1nan, 21, student and his sister Hatize Burcin, 25, student The considerable expense of retroactively changing the floor design could thus be placed on Convair. Strike by British European Airways Employees Mr. Ronald Mark Sanders, 46, married, one child, jewelry representative and his But that came much too late for the 346 victims of the tragedy in the Ermenonville Forest and the countless bereaved loved ones that they left behind. Somehow, Turkish Airlines flew this plane for 15 months without the cargo door coming open in flight. Countless side characters stepped in and out of the picture, from the engineer who certified his own work and missed a clear design flaw, to the Turkish Air Force officials who wanted to use the DC-10 to carry troops to Cyprus, each of them unwittingly playing a small but possibly crucial role in the buildup to disaster. The most logical place to route these cables was through the cabin floor. Pilots Mr. John Patrick McClinton, 26, sales representative Mrs. Clara Lux, 79, widow, one child, typing school director of 1 It wasnt strong enough, it didnt accomplish its intended goals, and it was possible to adjust the components such that its supposed failsafes were overridden. Turkish sources said that 15 Turks were on board. Turkish Airlines flight 981 was a scheduled flight of the Turkish airline Turkish Airlines from Istanbul to London Heathrow with a stopover at Paris-Orly Airport.The wide-body aircraft of the type McDonnell Douglas DC-10 with the aircraft registration TC-JAV and the name Ankara took off on Sunday, March 3, 1974 around noon from Paris-Orly. Mrs. Margaret Eileen Davies, 58, married, one child, social worker While designing their respective airplanes, McDonnell Douglas and Lockheed took very different approaches to this problem. Visit r/admiralcloudberg to read and discuss over 200 similar articles. Mr. Robert James Gillman, 21, trainee print buyer Mr. Shoji Tani, 23, bank management trainee [12] The memo was written after American Airlines Flight 96, another DC-10, had a rear cargo door failure identical to the one that occurred on Flight 981, causing an explosive decompression. Mr. Halil Bengi, 26, married, one child, merchant and his wife Yildiz Saime, 24, rcceptionist It has never been conclusively determined whether these improper adjustments were made by McDonnell Douglas or Turkish Airlines. Mr. Ladislas Mayer, 42, married, two children, aeronautical engineer TK981 was scheduled to fly from Istanbul to London Heathrow, with a stop in Paris Orly airport. [1] Passengers stuck at the airport as a result of the strike bought tickets to the first plane that could take them back to London, THY 981. The vent door was of course meant to solve this, but it was entirely useless because it was not driven by the locking pins and thus could not indicate whether the hinges were over-center. Everything that wasnt tied down rushed toward the back of the plane, where, to the immense horror of the cabin crew, a gaping hole had opened in the floor, through which clouds could be seen hurtling past at great speed. Nine passengers were never identified. [9][7], The French Minister of Transport appointed a commission of inquiry by the Arrt 4 March 1974. Turkish Airlines flight TK981 took off from Paris at around 12:30 noon. On-Demand TV. Miss Betty Franqoise Wormser, 21, student, Mr. Omer Faruk Afir, 21, student It moved into place normally, the vent door closed, and the warning light went out in the cockpit. No bomb found on Turkish Airlines plane, flight cleared for . (Four survived JAL 123, as did 61 from Pan Am 1736 on Tenerife.). Mr. Nicholas Jeremy Stewart Fripp, 25, married, one child, wine merchant Miss Esther Winifred Collen, 20, computer programmer The aircraft hit the tree tops at about 434 knots (500 mph; 800 km/h) at a negative 4 degree pitch angle; the wings broke up, spilling and igniting fuel, exploding and killing the remaining 340 passenger and crew on board on board. Mr. Anders Sipo Qunta, 59, married, one child, doctor and his wife Margaret Mary, 60 Mr. David George Scott, 27, bakery worker This force would have been indistinguishable from that required during normal door operation. He also had flown the Fokker F27 and the McDonnell Douglas DC-9. This section was ripped off the aircraft, along with the six passengers seated there. In flight, the air pressure inside the aircraft is greater than that outside, and pushes outward on the hatch. Miss Fani Ime, 21, student Those moments were recorded in the cockpit sound recorder as follows. J. Mrs. Ilgun Erdin, 31, widow, civil servant Mr. Ronald Edward Powell, 46, married, two children, chartered accountant and his wife Ann, 45 The case should have been open and shut, the resulting design changes uncontroversial. Increasing air traffic has always brought with it new restrictions. Select a stopover airport from the list below to see which airlines operate flights from POZ to FRL, and to see what flight schedules are available. TK981 was scheduled to fly from Istanbul to London Heathrow, with a stop in Paris Orly airport. At that time, American flight safety officials detected the problem in the cargo door of the DC-10 aircraft and reported it to the relevant units. As a result of its findings, the NTSB recommended that the Federal Aviation Administration require McDonnell Douglas to redesign the door locking system so that it would be physically impossible to position the external locking handle and vent door to their normal locking positions unless the locking pins are fully engaged. Concerned about the collapse of the floor and its potential to lead to a loss of control, the NTSB also recommended that the FAA require vents to be installed in the cabin floor which will open to relieve the pressure if the cargo hold depressurizes in flight. By the time the DC-10 was full, there were 335 passengers on board, hailing from 21 different countries. Aircraft other than DC-10s have also experienced catastrophic failures of hatches. How many passengers were on Turkish Airlines Flight 981? The pilots tried to save their crippled plane, but the pitch controls had been destroyed, sending the plane into an irrecoverable dive, and the jet crashed less than two minutes later in the Ermenonville Forest, killing all 346 passengers and crew. In 1967, Douglas admitted defeat. Mrs. Theresa Ciene Edith Harrow, 41, married, three children, sales manager This stop absorbs most of the forces acting upon the door in flight. The Flight Engineer was Huseyin Ozer, age 37, he ha had 2,113 flight hours at the time of the accident.. Turkish Airlines flight 981 Crash Documentary Behind Closed Doors. 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